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The Crucible Incorporation Of Self Morality And...

The Crucible: Incorporation of Self-Morality and Reputation Most everyone longs to keep an admirable reputation and self-image to keep the positive impression of honesty, trustworthiness, and most of all one’s ethics and responsibilities. This idea is important in today’s society to keep a positive image about one’s self--but what about in the 1600s? Regardless of time period, self-morality and reputation are important factors in everyday life, and Arthur Miller does just that to characters in The Crucible. Miller uses these characters and themes of integrity and reputation to promote a broad topic of self-image, the way someone--and others--view them. John Proctor, Elizabeth Proctor, Abigail Williams, Reverend Hale, Rebecca Nurse, and many more characters help to portray the vision of Miller’s themes. The plot of the story follows a series of witch trials in Salem Massachusetts, revolving around a large group of girls simply telling lies to many people. Plot and character decisions allow the reader to grasp a dee per meaning of the portrayed themes of reputation, and the character’s ideas and thoughts throughout the play. In Arthur Miller’s The Crucible, Miller uses the themes of reputation and integrity to successfully portray John Proctor, Elizabeth Proctor, and other characters’ actions, thoughts, and decisions in the play, leading to the final conclusion of self-image. Through the relationship of the characters in the play, Miller expresses the importance of reputation

Evidence Based Nursing Research

Question: Discuss the nursing plan for Emma using evidence-Based practice model. Answer: Nursing plan for Emma using Evidence-Based Practice model: Emma is 75 years old woman. She was diagnosed with colorectal cancer. The concerned doctor had advised for the surgery. Then she will be sent for further treatment like chemotherapy, radiotherapy. After observing Emmas health condition, the doctor has planned the treatment. A colon surgery was performed here. Emma responded well with the surgery. Then doctor advised her to stay in the home for three months. After three months her further treatments will be started. In these three months, it is necessary for Emma to be healthier so that she can give good response to the treatment. At present, she has released successfully from the hospital. Now the nurses are refereed for homecare services for these three months. Therefore, the nursing plan is applied using Evidence-Based Practice model. In this particular article, this model will be discussed by taking this example. Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice (JHNEBP) model: The Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice (JHNEBP) model is a powerful approach to solve the problem in clinical decision-making. It is associated with user-friendly tools to guide group or individual in their practitioner use. It is designed in such a way that it can meet the nursing needs by using a process called PET (Buysse et al., 2012). This process includes three steps: translation, evidence and practice question. The main aim of this model is to assure that best practices or research findings should be incorporated in patient care in appropriate and quick way. Recruit Interprofessional Team: This is the first step in this process. The team should be made in such a way that the patient could stay safely in her home. Members invest and show interest in addressing a specific practice. However, in team they work more effectively. The doctor is the key member inn this team, as he is answer of the patient and her problem. The other stakeholders of this team include nurses, families, dietician, physician, pharmacist and patient (Hall Roussel, 2012). Developing EBP question: This is the second stage. The PICO element will be appliedto the questions. In PICO, P- population/patient, I-intervention/indicator, C-comparator/control, O-outcome. As in this case, the patient has undergone colon cancer, o the stated question will be according to her situation (Townsend, 2014). How frequent is colon cancer in females? In patients with colon cancer in first stage, do the edible drugs, compared to no chemotherapy, reduce the recurrencerate? What will be the outcomes of chemotherapy for the patients above 75? In these three months, which all things shoud be taken care of? What will be the diet for these three months? Scope of EBP: The patient here is identified with colorectal cancer. This cancer appears due to the abnormal growth of cells in the colon. According to the statistical analysis, in 2012, this is the second most cancer in women. One million of people ge affected by this cancer every year. It results about 715,000 deaths (Schneider Whitehead, 2013). This cancer occurs due to many reasons, like problems in epithelial cells lining the gastrointestinal tract. It also causes due to heredity, lifestyle. The treatment of this cancer includes surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Responsibility of Team Members: In this case, the patient has discharged safely and to send her home so that she can be prepared for future treatment. Based on this scenario, the team members are selected. The doctor is the key member in his team. He knows the problem. His responsibility will be to get the information of the patient on fifteen days interval. He should also share this data with other team members. The nurses will be provided with the patient. The responsibility of the nurse will be observing the patient for round the clock. The nurses will take care of her medications, diet, and dressing (Gone, 2013). They can also help in palliative care. The responsibility of the dieticians will be to provide with the perfect diet chart according to her present condition. The dietician should also upgrade the diet while her visit to doctor. Physicians responsibility will be to perform different medical tests if needed. Pharmacists will take care of the medicines. If any changes are made, then the pharmacists will upgrade with the correct medication with proper dose. The pharmacist will also provide the knowledge about the medicine. Family members will take care of everything. Their main duty is to provide support to the patient both mentally and physically. In this whole team, the patient has more responsibilities. She should response with all the provided treatments. She should take the challenges and participate actively (Aveyard Sharp, 2013). She should also cooperate with the other team members for better treatment. Internal/ External Search for Evidence and Appraisal of Evidence: The team members will search for the evidences for this case. These evidences include both external and internal data. These evidences consist of clinical practices follow-ups in these three months, quality improvement data, regulatory, safety or risk management data. This information will be internal evidences. They can tally these data with other professional organizations of respective departments. They also can take the opinions of internal and external health experts (Polit Beck, 2012). These evidences also include community standards, staff and patient surveys and satisfaction data. In the appraisal level, these non-research and research evidences will be appraised by applying non-research evidence appraisal tool and research evidence appraisal tool. In this tool, different questions will be asked. In this scenario, the questions will be based on the three months planning treatment after discharge. Then, based on those questions the collected evidences will be rated as low-maj or, good or high flaws. Fromm this appraisal, the team members will be motivated to maintain the quality and level (Kearon et al., 2012). Summarize the evidence and synthesis of overall strength: In this case, the team will numerically summarize the answers of the evidences in levels from 1-5. The relevant findings of each answer of EBP question will be written in summary for next level (McDonald et al., 2014). Through synthesis process, the team will make the quality and strength of the collected evidence by taking the considerations in applicability to the setting and population, consistency of finding the evidences, quality and level. This will drive the subjective and objective process of the treatment. Recommendations for Change Based on Evidence: Based on the synthesis of the evidence and overall appraisal, the team will design possible pathways to translate the evidence into practice. There are four common pathways, which will suggest developing the further recommendations (DiCenso et al., 2014). In this particular case, evidences were good with consistent results that support a practice change. Based on this the changes will be done in the scenario. Action plan: The team communicates with different stakeholders and practitioner associated with this particular case to know if the change is good fit, appropriate or feasible for that setting. They examine the benefits and risks of the implemented recommendations. For example, in this case the team will consult with the radiologists regarding the doses of the radiotherapy. They will consult regarding the patients reaction with the therapy in this age. After reviewing these recommendations, the team will develop a practice plan to implement into the practice (Laska et al., 2014). A guideline or protocol will be developed based on the EBP questions, which had asked before. The team members will set a timeline of three months. The feedback of this process will be taken from other stakeholders, clinicians or organization leaders. To implement the action the team has to take care of financial, material and human resources in consideration. In this case, the radiation therapy and chemotherapy will be costly. Therefore, the team has to pay attention on that. The successful implementation will be performed by supporting each other and working closely. Next step will be the final implementation of the plan. Before implementing, all the team members and other stakeholders and staffs, who are associated with this case, will be communicated orally and verbally. They all will be connected with the updates regarding the implementation (Carr McNulty, 2014). During this implementation, the team members have to answer all the trouble shoot problems and questions. Evaluating Outcomes and Reporting Outcomes: The outcomes of the implementation will be recorded. These outcomes will be tallied with the answers in the question development tool. The evaluation of the outcomes will be decided with the degree to how much these outcomes reached. As in this case, the positive outcomes have recorded. This meets much of the responses in the question development tool (Rubin, 2012). It helps the team to develop the confidence level more. If in case, any negative outcomes will b observed, then the team needs to alter the changes. Now the team will communicate with other stakeholders and staffs associated with this case and report bout the outcomes. The team also can add the valuable feedbacks made by those members. It will help to gain more knowledge in this practice. Identification of Next Step: After reviewing the process, the team members will figure out the next step. In this case, the radiotherapy treatment has planned for three months. Therefore, after this implementation, the team members will notice the changes. According to that further treatment will be figured out (Hurlburt et al., 2014). The changes will be made after doing lot of research works. If necessary then training also will be provided to meet the expectations. Disseminate Findings: In this final step, the whole process will be reviewed. In this case, positive outcomes have been found. Now, the organization has to share these findings internally and externally to get the better result (Kearon et al., 2012). Conclusion: In this particular case, the treatment plan is made by following EBP model. Each step of this model has been followed strictly. Due to this reason, the treatment shows positive response. Even the team members effort and constant support has made the plan more successful. There are certain cases, where, the plan did not work. However, the team members gain more knowledge and experiences from those failures. To conclude this, it can be said that, through clinical decision making and solving the clinical problems the main aim of evidence based model has justified. References: Aveyard, H., Sharp, P. (2013).A Beginner's Guide to Evidence-based Practice in Health and Social Care. McGraw-Hill Education (UK). Buysse, V., Winton, P. J., Rous, B. E. T. H., Epstein, D. J., Lim, C. I. (2012). E Carr, A., McNulty, M. (2014).The handbook of adult clinical psychology: an evidence based practice approach. Routledge. DiCenso, A., Guyatt, G., Ciliska, D. (2014).Evidence-based nursing: A guide to clinical practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. Gone, J. P. (2013). A community-based treatment for Native American historical trauma: prospects for evidence-based practice. Hall, H. R., Roussel, L. A. (2012).Evidence-based practice. Jones Bartlett Publishers. Hurlburt, M., Aarons, G. A., Fettes, D., Willging, C., Gunderson, L., Chaffin, M. J. (2014). Interagency collaborative team model for capacity building to scale-up evidence-based practice.Children and Youth Services Review,39, 160-168. Kearon, C., Akl, E. A., Comerota, A. J., Prandoni, P., Bounameaux, H., Goldhaber, S. Z., ... Crowther, M. (2012). Antithrombotic therapy for VTE disease: antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines.CHEST Journal,141(2_suppl), e419S-e494S. Laska, K. M., Gurman, A. S., Wampold, B. E. (2014). Expanding the lens of evidence-based practice in psychotherapy: A common factors perspective.Psychotherapy,51(4), 467. McDonald, K. M., Romano, P. S., Geppert, J., Davies, S. M., Duncan, B. W., Shojania, K. G. (2014). Measures of patient safety based on hospital administrative data: The patient safety indicators. Technical Review 5 (Prepared by the University of California San FranciscoBStanford Evidence-based Practice Center under Contract No. 290-97-0013). Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2002.AHRQ Publication, (02-0038). Polit, D. F., Beck, C. T. (2012).Resource manual for nursing research: Generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice. Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Rubin, A. (2012).Statistics for evidence-based practice and evaluation. Cengage Learning. Schneider, Z., Whitehead, D. (2013).Nursing and midwifery research: Methods and appraisal for evidence-based practice. Elsevier Australia. Townsend, M. C. (2014).Psychiatric mental health nursing: Concepts of care in evidence-based practice. FA Davis.

Social World Conflicts and Its Resolution Styles

Conflict is a major subject in the world and its effects are very diverse in the society causing crisis and other effects. Conflict can be viewed as a disagreement through which the parties involved perceive a threat to their needs, interests or concerns (About Conflict, 2012). In this definition, the key terms are parties, perceive and threat. In any conflict, there must be people or entities involved who have interest in a particular thing like political power, mineral resources and other socio economic activities.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Social World Conflicts and Its Resolution Styles specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This conflict is said to be from a perceived threat which may be a real threat or something that is imagined but because of lack of understanding of the real situation. Threat in this way means a feeling that what they think is theirs may be taken away or they feel that once certain peopl e get something, they will treat them unfairly. In the lifetime of a human being, there are situations that lead one to disagreements and struggle in getting something they need in their lives or at the work place. Because of the demands of life and the desire for self actualization, people tend to avoid impediments. If a person or anything is perceived to be an impediment to the journey of self actualization, then a conflict arises. This not only experienced by human beings but also in the animal planet, it’s only that they may not be having a conflict resolution mechanism but the jungle rule. Another situation is when wild animals and human beings are living in bordering pieces of land as in the boundary between a national park and the general public land. In a number of cases of the world, animals are not checked and controlled by the national park management, which implies that animals may destroy or even kill human beings around that area. This is also a conflict. Howeve r, in this paper, the discussion on conflict is based on the social world and how it is handled. That is why concentration is on conflict resolution styles. Conflict styles are patterned responses that people use in conflict. They can be viewed as having two dimensions which are assertiveness and cooperativeness (Picard, 2002). In this manner, one can be able to assess the extent to which people attempt to satisfy other people’s needs to avoid or resolve their conflicts. These styles are pegged on personal satisfaction while making a decision of whether one has wronged the other. Former Conflict Style There are various conflict styles that a person can adapt. In these styles, there is one that comes naturally in a human being and it can be referred to as the default conflict style. About conflict website (2012) lists four styles of conflicts namely â€Å"avoidance, collaborating, competitive, comprising and accommodating. In a number of cases it and be necessary to apply all of them in different situations.† For the case of this paper, avoidance and collaboration are discussed.Advertising Looking for essay on communication strategies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Runde (2007) asserts that avoiding involves a low level of interest in meeting the needs of either person. An example of this type of conflict situation is when a husband asks his wife to cook for him and the wife assumes that she has not heard. The husband repeats the same question while the wife tells him that the food is in the kitchen. The husband decides to go and cook for himself and avoids confronting the real issue. He does not ask himself why the wife does not want to cook for him. Instead, he avoids her and continues with life normally. The problem might have been solved at that point when the conflict started and could be due to some underlying issues. However, this conflict style may look okay because everybody is fo r himself hence, nobody disturbs the other but it is what one may call a time bomb. The problem remains unresolved until it becomes too big to handle. A time comes when the bomb explodes and everything is exposed. It could be a better idea to confront the issue in a different way so that the problem is solved. The reason for adopting this type of conflict style be based on a family upbringing whereby, the parents are always in conflict and the children have nothing to do about it. Therefore, the best way is to avoid the scene where mum and dad are quarrelling and move to your room. You will definitely be back when they finish. This way, you will learn to avoid the situation unknowingly and this may be part of you. In a leadership role, this conflict style does not work well because at the end of the day, the problem has to be solved. Applying this style is very dangerous like a detonative device. A personal experience is illustrated below. A teacher was teaching in a class of forty five students. Every time at the middle of the lesson, a student clicked and the teacher ignored because he didn’t want to get involved in finding out why somebody could click in the middle of a lesson. This went on for quite some time coupled with murmuring. The teacher still ignored his students. This act finally degenerated to a more embarrassing and disgusting event to the teacher because the students walked out of the class while he was teaching. Later on, he realized that he was losing most of the students while he was teaching or rather delivering his content. It would have been wise for him to try to find out why the students were clicking in class. Maybe, he should have created rapport with the students so that he can get feedback so as to avoid such a situation.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Social World Conflicts and Its Resolution Styles specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Current Conflict Styl e Collaboration is a conflict style which if well used, will enable both parties to be satisfied. Lussier (2011) asserts that the key to collaborative style is agreeing that the solution picked is the best possible one. Thus, a win situation is achieved. Harmony is achieved when this approach is used, thus encouraging people to work together. In most cases, work place communication does not tickle down properly to the work force that is the lead. Because of this conflict, usually arise from the workers and the management. The worker may decide to use avoidance conflict style and thus, affecting their performance. The management has to give notice that it needs to communicate well and in time to the employees so as to avoid a bad situation. Through delegation of duties to the junior staff, one can be able to identify the problems that may be in the lower cadres of the work force. For best performance of the company, an agreement has to be reached by both the management and junior wor kers (Lussier, 2011). In this case, the worker will be able to know what they are limited to and what their rights and responsibilities to the company. If a manager will be in a position to work with the workers and see him/herself as the team leader and not the boss then collaborative style may not work well. And this is the style to adopt in leadership. Resolution The above conflict styles tend to explain how to handle situations before they degenerate to a crisis. If a conflict is persistent, then it needs to be resolved. And there are various ways of resolving conflicts. Depending on when and where the conflict is, the use of tools like mediation and assertion may help. Think of a situation whereby, employees have gone on strike, the employee will first try to use assertion to make the employees go back to work. However, employees have a right to withdraw their services for better work conditions. When the strike persists, mediation technique may be used to resolve the conflict. Trade unions and the labour ministry may try to mediate between the workers and the employers. Finally, there may be a situation whereby, the conflict cannot be resolved after applying different mechanisms of resolution. Zastrow et al. (2010) explains that when the strategies fail then, one can probably conclude that the parties involved in the conflict are not willing to resolve it.Advertising Looking for essay on communication strategies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More References About Conflict. (2012) Web. Lussier, R., (2011). â€Å"Management Fundamentals: Concepts, Applications, Skill Development†. Mason, OH: Cengage Learning. Picard, C., (2002). â€Å"Mediating Interpersonal and Small Group Conflict†. Ottawa: Dundurn Press Ltd. Runde, C. Flanagan, E., (2007). â€Å"Becoming a Conflict Competent Leader: How You And Your Organization Can†. San Francisco, CA: John Wiley Sons Publishers. Zastrow, C. et al., (2010). â€Å"Understanding Human Behavior and the Social Environment†. Belmont, CA: Cengage Learning. This essay on Social World Conflicts and Its Resolution Styles was written and submitted by user Sons of the Tiger to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.